Cast iron is an alloy composed of iron, carbon and silicon, of which iron and carbon each account for about half, and usually contain a small amount of silicon and manganese, sulfur, phosphorus and other impurities. Cast iron can be divided into different types such as ordinary cast iron, nodular cast iron, and malleable cast iron, and their mechanical properties and uses are different.

Ordinary cast iron is a more common type of cast iron, in which the content of iron and carbon is relatively high, usually 2.5% to 4.5%, and it has high hardness and good wear resistance. The structure of ordinary cast iron is mainly ferrite and pearlite, in which ferrite is the main matrix structure, and pearlite is a spherical graphite structure distributed on the ferrite matrix. Ordinary cast iron has good mechanical properties, but its processing performance is poor, so it is not suitable for manufacturing some mechanical parts that require high precision.

Ductile iron is based on ordinary cast iron, by adding a certain amount of ductile iron alloy to it to further reduce the content of iron and carbon, so as to obtain cast iron with higher strength and better wear resistance. The structure of ductile iron is mainly ferrite and nodular graphite, and nodular graphite is formed by graphite in ductile iron alloy. Ductile iron has higher strength and better wear resistance, and its processing performance has also been greatly improved. It is suitable for manufacturing some mechanical parts that require high precision and high strength.

Malleable cast iron is a kind of cast iron with certain toughness and plasticity obtained by further processing and forming on the basis of ordinary cast iron. It is suitable for the manufacture of some mechanical parts that require certain toughness and plasticity. The structure of malleable cast iron is mainly ferrite and agglomerate graphite, in which agglomerate graphite is formed by graphite in malleable cast iron alloy. Malleable cast iron has high toughness and plasticity, and its processing performance has also been greatly improved. It is suitable for manufacturing some mechanical parts that require high precision and high toughness.

In short, cast iron is an alloy composed of iron, carbon and silicon, of which iron and carbon each account for about half, and usually contain a small amount of silicon and manganese, sulfur, phosphorus and other impurities. Cast iron can be divided into different types such as ordinary cast iron, nodular cast iron, and malleable cast iron, and their mechanical properties and uses are different. Ordinary cast iron has high hardness and good wear resistance, but poor processing performance, so it is suitable for manufacturing some mechanical parts that require high precision. Ductile iron has higher strength and better wear resistance, and its processing performance has also been greatly improved. It is suitable for manufacturing some mechanical parts that require high precision and high strength. Malleable cast iron has high toughness and plasticity, and its processing performance has also been greatly improved. It is suitable for manufacturing some mechanical parts that require high precision and high toughness.